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International Centre for Asset Recovery

Recovering illicit assets and strengthening enforcement against corruption are essential for countries to deliver on public priorities – from education and health to infrastructure and climate action.

The International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) is the cornerstone of the Basel Institute’s work to trace and recover assets linked to corruption, money laundering and other financial crimes.

A specialised centre of the Basel Institute since 2006, ICAR works globally to strengthen asset recovery capacity, practice and policy. The team currently supports more than 40 law enforcement, prosecution, and judicial authorities in 20 countries across Africa, Latin America, Europe and Asia Pacific. Alongside specific country programmes, ICAR receives core funding from the Governments of Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Jersey, Norway and the UK.

Other Basel Institute programmes apply financial investigation and asset recovery tools in specific areas, such as environmental crime or cases at the subnational level.

How ICAR supports asset recovery and enforcement

We take a practical, partner-focused approach to building strong enforcement and asset recovery systems, covering:

Case-based advice and mentoring to support investigations, legal strategies and international cooperation. Our advisors are often embedded in national agencies and work directly with officers on live cases.

Training and education through skills-focused workshops and eLearning. Our training approach uses realistic case scenarios and group work to help participants immediately apply what they learn.

Tailored guidance to help partners strengthen laws, policies and practices in order to better combat financial crime, recover assets and implement international standards.

Advancing innovation and policy dialogue. We distill our on-the-ground insights into knowledge products to stregthen international standards and practices to make asset recovery more effective.

Our ultimate aim is to catalyse sustained improvements in asset recovery systems both within countries and internationally.

Advancing international asset recovery

ICAR investigators, prosecutors, trainers and legal advisors work with government partners across four continents to:

  1. Break new ground in transnational asset recovery cases. The demand and buy-in for ICAR’s case-based assistance is formalised via Case Consultancy Agreements we sign with our government partners. These give us the legal mandate to support live financial crime investigations and prosecutions, including some of the highest profile and most complex transnational corruption cases. ICAR-supported cases resulted in the recovery of USD 62.9 million in assets in 2025.
  2. Maximise asset recovery tools and innovation. ICAR helps partner countries to expand their asset recovery toolkit and their capacity to apply appropriate tools to investigate, confiscate and recover illicit assets. This includes legal instruments such as non-conviction based confiscation laws and negotiated agreements for asset returns.
  3. Strengthen the asset recovery chain. The asset recovery “chain” is only as strong as its weakest link. We assist partner countries in strengthening their weaker links. ICAR supports legal and institutional reform efforts, from amending or introducing new legislation to establishing Asset Recovery Offices.
  4. Foster communities and leaders. People are at the centre of the Basel Institute’s approach, because it is people that drive long-term behavioural and institutional change. We invest in developing leaders and champions of asset recovery at the national, regional and global levels through international networks and partnerships, and by building communities of practice that drive asset recovery forward.
Cover of the ICAR Operational Strategy 2025–2028

ICAR Operational Strategy 2025–2028

Learn more about ICAR's approach, relevance and strategic priorities in the ICAR Operational Strategy 2025–2028.

View ICAR Strategy 2025–2028

Building resilience to illicit financial flows

Strong systems to detect, disrupt and recover illicit financial flows are essential for asset recovery and financial crime enforcement. We support governments, institutions and international partners to strengthen AML/CFT and broader financial crime frameworks through advisory, technical assistance and training.

Our work includes support on national and sectoral risk assessments, financial crime risk analysis, policy and institutional strengthening, and helping countries prepare for and respond to Financial Action Task Force (FATF) evaluations.

This work is informed by operational experience and specialist tools including the Basel AML Index, our independent ranking and risk assessment tool for money laundering and related financial crime risks around the world.

Together, these approaches help to:

  • strengthen countries’ understanding of financial crime risks and how to respond to them;
  • identify trends and emerging threats in illicit finance;
  • support preventive measures and informed policymaking, grounded in data and real-world experience
Learn more

Targeting the finances behind environmental crimes

One pillar of our Green Corruption programme focuses on applying “follow-the-money” approaches to environmental crime and corruption cases.

We assist environmental enforcement authorities with tailored training and case assistance. Some have now achieved their first ever asset recovery successes, including in cases targeting millions of dollars in assets linked to forestry, gold trafficking and illegal wildlife trade.

Based on our hands-on experience, we develop cutting-edge research and tools for tackling environmental enforcement challenges, such as corruption risks in the global race for critical minerals.

Learn more

Supporting asset recovery by subnational governments

In Peru, in close collaboration with ICAR experts, we support regional and local authorities to recover stolen public funds. This work is part of our wider Public Finance Management assistance programme, Programa GFP Subnacional.

These efforts have led to the recovery of millions of dollars in misappropriated public funds – helping to reduce impunity for corruption in Peruvian communities.

Our advisors’ on-the-ground experience in combating financial crime combines with deep knowledge of the local context and of international standards.

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Impact stories

How our work leads to tangible progress

View all stories
Building Zambia’s capacity to investigate financial crime and recover illicit assets
How the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery used an embedded expert model to support Zambian authorities in complex financial crime investigations and asset recovery. It is leading to tangible increases in frozen and recovered assets and in successful international cooperation.
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International cooperation in action: recovering illicit assets across borders
How successful collaboration between the Colombian and Guernsey authorities, with support from the Basel Institute on Governance’s International Centre for Asset Recovery, led to the successful enforcement of a non-conviction based confiscation order and the sharing of illicit assets linked to drug crimes.
Learn more
From hidden accounts to recovered assets: Peru and Luxembourg
With support from the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR), authorities overcame legal barriers to recover millions and set a model for international asset recovery.
Learn more

Latest publications

Browse research and analysis on Asset Recovery

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A Swiss–Peruvian asset recovery case boosts prospects for non-conviction based forfeiture
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

A Swiss–Peruvian asset recovery case boosts prospects for non-conviction based forfeiture

Beneficial ownership transparency – a GCFCC position paper
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Collective Action

Beneficial ownership transparency – a GCFCC position paper

Working Paper 36: Revealing the networks behind corruption and money laundering schemes: an analysis of the Toledo–Odebrecht case using social network analysis and network ethnography
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Corruption Prevention and Public Governance

Working Paper 36: Revealing the networks behind corruption and money laundering schemes: an analysis of the Toledo–Odebrecht case using social network analysis and network ethnography

Corruption and anti-corruption narratives in Bulgarian media: Media monitoring and analysis report
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Corruption and anti-corruption narratives in Bulgarian media: Media monitoring and analysis report

Quick Guide 22: Analysing a suspect’s financial affairs in a corruption case
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 22: Analysing a suspect’s financial affairs in a corruption case

Proving illicit enrichment using financial investigation and Source and Application of Funds analysis
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Proving illicit enrichment using financial investigation and Source and Application of Funds analysis

Tracing Illegal Assets - A Practitioner's Guide
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Tracing Illegal Assets - A Practitioner's Guide

Illicit Enrichment: A Guide to Laws Targeting Unexplained Wealth
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Illicit Enrichment: A Guide to Laws Targeting Unexplained Wealth

A compilation of illicit enrichment legislation and other relevant legislation
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

A compilation of illicit enrichment legislation and other relevant legislation

Hout Bay and the illegal lobster trade: a case study in recovering illicit proceeds of IUU fishing and wildlife trafficking
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Green Corruption

Hout Bay and the illegal lobster trade: a case study in recovering illicit proceeds of IUU fishing and wildlife trafficking

Case study: The Nun – Confiscating assets of the Shining Path terrorist organisation / Estudio de caso: La monja – Decomisando los activos de la organización terrorista Sendero Luminoso
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Case study: The Nun – Confiscating assets of the Shining Path terrorist organisation / Estudio de caso: La monja – Decomisando los activos de la organización terrorista Sendero Luminoso

Working Paper 17: The role of donors in the recovery of stolen assets
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 17: The role of donors in the recovery of stolen assets

Guide to the role of civil society organisations in asset recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Guide to the role of civil society organisations in asset recovery

Asset Recovery Handbook: A Guide for Practitioners
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Asset Recovery Handbook: A Guide for Practitioners

Guia de Boas Práticas na Investigação Criminal em Moçambique
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Guia de Boas Práticas na Investigação Criminal em Moçambique

Quick Guide 20: Financial investigations and asset recovery
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 20: Financial investigations and asset recovery

Navigating between non-conviction based confiscation and Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA)
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Navigating between non-conviction based confiscation and Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA)

Recommendations of the 4th Global Conference on Cryptocurrencies and Criminal Finances
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Recommendations of the 4th Global Conference on Cryptocurrencies and Criminal Finances

Quick Guide 19: Offshore structures and beneficial ownership
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 19: Offshore structures and beneficial ownership

Working Paper 51: Good practices in asset recovery legislation in selected OSCE participating States
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 51: Good practices in asset recovery legislation in selected OSCE participating States

La recuperación de los activos Venezolanos en Suiza
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

La recuperación de los activos Venezolanos en Suiza

Safeguarding Ukraine's Restoration: Anti-corruption progress and the path ahead
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Safeguarding Ukraine's Restoration: Anti-corruption progress and the path ahead

Returning Stolen Assets - Learning from past practice
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Returning Stolen Assets - Learning from past practice

Quick Guide 30: Asset recovery legislation – best practices
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 30: Asset recovery legislation – best practices

Quick Guide 31: The disposal and sharing of confiscated assets – best practices
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 31: The disposal and sharing of confiscated assets – best practices

A race against time: Europol – Basel Institute on Governance recommendations on preventing and combating the criminal use of cryptocurrencies
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

A race against time: Europol – Basel Institute on Governance recommendations on preventing and combating the criminal use of cryptocurrencies

Progress in Ukraine’s anti-corruption and judicial reform efforts – update for the Ukraine Recovery Conference 2024
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Progress in Ukraine’s anti-corruption and judicial reform efforts – update for the Ukraine Recovery Conference 2024

Emerging Trends in Asset Recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Emerging Trends in Asset Recovery

Enhancing the investigation capacities of the Romanian authorities to confiscate and recover proceeds of crime
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Enhancing the investigation capacities of the Romanian authorities to confiscate and recover proceeds of crime

Working Paper 52: Navigating the political context: Practice insights and adaptive strategies to strengthen the anti-corruption and asset recovery justice chain
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Prevention Research and Innovation

Working Paper 52: Navigating the political context: Practice insights and adaptive strategies to strengthen the anti-corruption and asset recovery justice chain

Quick guide 18: Mobile money and financial crime
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick guide 18: Mobile money and financial crime

Working Paper 44: Perceptions of corruption and anti-corruption efforts in Bulgaria: Results of a national survey 2023 - Cloned
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 44: Perceptions of corruption and anti-corruption efforts in Bulgaria: Results of a national survey 2023 - Cloned

La extinción del dominio de bienes instrumentalizados
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

La extinción del dominio de bienes instrumentalizados

Working Paper 15: Tracking and tracing stolen assets in foreign jurisdictions
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 15: Tracking and tracing stolen assets in foreign jurisdictions

Quick guide 17: Open-source intelligence
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Green Corruption

Quick guide 17: Open-source intelligence

Working Paper 54: Targeting illicit wealth through non-conviction based forfeiture: Identifying human rights and other standards for Latin America
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 54: Targeting illicit wealth through non-conviction based forfeiture: Identifying human rights and other standards for Latin America

Working Paper 14: Using money laundering investigations to fight corruption in developing countries
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 14: Using money laundering investigations to fight corruption in developing countries

Corruption and anti-corruption narratives in Bulgarian media: Media monitoring and analysis report 2024
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Corruption and anti-corruption narratives in Bulgarian media: Media monitoring and analysis report 2024

Quick Guide 33: Multi-agency asset recovery task forces
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 33: Multi-agency asset recovery task forces

Asset recovery in the light of covid-19 - five questions open to debate
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Asset recovery in the light of covid-19 - five questions open to debate

Practical hurdles to effective international recovery of stolen assets
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Corruption Prevention and Public Governance

Practical hurdles to effective international recovery of stolen assets

Overview and Analysis of the Anti-Corruption Legislative Package of Mozambique
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Collective Action, Corruption Prevention and Public Governance

Overview and Analysis of the Anti-Corruption Legislative Package of Mozambique

Quick Guide 34: Public-private partnerships for financial intelligence sharing
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 34: Public-private partnerships for financial intelligence sharing

Gender and asset recovery: Developing a gender-sensitive framework for asset recovery technical assistance programmes. A case study of Mozambique
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Gender and asset recovery: Developing a gender-sensitive framework for asset recovery technical assistance programmes. A case study of Mozambique

The James Stone case: Peru’s fight to recover assets (The Academy Bulletin)
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

The James Stone case: Peru’s fight to recover assets (The Academy Bulletin)

Study on Anti-Corruption Architecture of the Republic of South Africa
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Study on Anti-Corruption Architecture of the Republic of South Africa

Quick Guide 15: Following the money
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 15: Following the money

European Parliament Study on the Social Use of Confiscated Assets
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

European Parliament Study on the Social Use of Confiscated Assets

Policy Brief 14: Targeting unexplained wealth: Implications of the EU’s 2024 Directive on asset recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Policy Brief 14: Targeting unexplained wealth: Implications of the EU’s 2024 Directive on asset recovery

The Wolfsberg Group
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Collective Action

The Wolfsberg Group

Policy Brief 14: Cibler la fortune inexpliquée : Implications de la Directive de l’UE de 2024 relative au recouvrement d'avoirs
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Policy Brief 14: Cibler la fortune inexpliquée : Implications de la Directive de l’UE de 2024 relative au recouvrement d'avoirs

Quick Guide 14: Fundamental skills in tracing assets
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 14: Fundamental skills in tracing assets

Quick Guide 13: Financial crime in illegal wildlife trade
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Collective Action, Green Corruption, Corruption Prevention and Public Governance

Quick Guide 13: Financial crime in illegal wildlife trade

Understanding Terrorist Finance
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Understanding Terrorist Finance

Working Paper 55: Compensating the victims of foreign bribery: UK legislation, practice and recommended reforms
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 55: Compensating the victims of foreign bribery: UK legislation, practice and recommended reforms

Capacity Building in Asset Recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Capacity Building in Asset Recovery

Development Assistance, Asset Recovery and Money Laundering: Making the Connection
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Development Assistance, Asset Recovery and Money Laundering: Making the Connection

Quick Guide 9: International cooperation in asset recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 9: International cooperation in asset recovery

Non-State Actors in Asset Recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Non-State Actors in Asset Recovery

Working Paper 9: The situation of Financial Intelligence Units in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 9: The situation of Financial Intelligence Units in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union

Non-State Actors Experts's Meeting report
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Non-State Actors Experts's Meeting report

Quick Guide 40: Financial investigations in a cash economy
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 40: Financial investigations in a cash economy

Quick Guide 8: eLearning for asset tracing and financial analysis
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 8: eLearning for asset tracing and financial analysis

Quick Guide 7: The role of FIUs in asset recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 7: The role of FIUs in asset recovery

Working Paper 8: The recovery of stolen assets: seeking to balance fundamental human rights at stake
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 8: The recovery of stolen assets: seeking to balance fundamental human rights at stake

Countering Terrorist Financing
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Countering Terrorist Financing

La extinción de dominio desde sus principios
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

La extinción de dominio desde sus principios

Quick Guide 6: Effective training on financial investigations
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 6: Effective training on financial investigations

Working Paper 7: The political economy of asset recovery processes
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 7: The political economy of asset recovery processes

Quick Guide 5: Illicit enrichment
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 5: Illicit enrichment

Working Paper 29: Recovering assets in support of the SDGs – from soft to hard assets for development
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 29: Recovering assets in support of the SDGs – from soft to hard assets for development

Quick Guide 4: Social network analysis in combating organised crime and trafficking
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Green Corruption

Quick Guide 4: Social network analysis in combating organised crime and trafficking

Quick Guide 2: Intelligence
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Green Corruption

Quick Guide 2: Intelligence

Working Paper 6: Managing proceeds of asset recovery: The case of Nigeria, Peru, the Philippines and Kazakhstan
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 6: Managing proceeds of asset recovery: The case of Nigeria, Peru, the Philippines and Kazakhstan

Working Paper 28: Regulating cryptocurrencies: challenges and considerations
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 28: Regulating cryptocurrencies: challenges and considerations

Tracing Stolen Assets - A Practitioner's Handbook
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Tracing Stolen Assets - A Practitioner's Handbook

Quick Guide 41: Managing seized and confiscated assets
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 41: Managing seized and confiscated assets

Working Paper 5: Poverty and corruption: About poorer and richer ways of life
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 5: Poverty and corruption: About poorer and richer ways of life

Recovering Stolen Assets
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Recovering Stolen Assets

Working Paper 59: Using corrupt proceeds to fight corruption: Rethinking how Switzerland uses illicit profits from foreign bribery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 59: Using corrupt proceeds to fight corruption: Rethinking how Switzerland uses illicit profits from foreign bribery

Policy Brief 15: Rethinking how Switzerland uses illicit profits from foreign bribery settlements
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Policy Brief 15: Rethinking how Switzerland uses illicit profits from foreign bribery settlements

Corruption as a Violation of International Human Rights
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Corruption Prevention and Public Governance

Corruption as a Violation of International Human Rights

Quick Guide 42: Non-conviction based confiscation
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 42: Non-conviction based confiscation

Back in Action: How the UK is reviving unexplained wealth orders (The Academy Bulletin)
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Back in Action: How the UK is reviving unexplained wealth orders (The Academy Bulletin)

Working Paper 3: Verhaltensregeln für die Verwaltung von Vorsorgeeinrichtungen
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 3: Verhaltensregeln für die Verwaltung von Vorsorgeeinrichtungen

International cooperation in the Migori County corruption case
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

International cooperation in the Migori County corruption case

Basel AML Index 2025
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Basel AML Index 2025

Working Paper 62: Corruption sanctions: What governments need to know
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 62: Corruption sanctions: What governments need to know

Case Study 13: The Beauty Queen case: non-conviction based forfeiture across borders
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Case Study 13: The Beauty Queen case: non-conviction based forfeiture across borders

Policy Brief 16: Enforcing foreign non-conviction based forfeiture orders
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Policy Brief 16: Enforcing foreign non-conviction based forfeiture orders

Quick Guide 43: Corruption sanctions
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 43: Corruption sanctions

Working Paper 38: Cryptocurrencies in Asia and beyond: law, regulation and enforcement
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Working Paper 38: Cryptocurrencies in Asia and beyond: law, regulation and enforcement

Enrichissement illicite : Guide sur les lois ciblant la richesse inexpliquée - Introduction et 1ère partie
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Enrichissement illicite : Guide sur les lois ciblant la richesse inexpliquée - Introduction et 1ère partie

Quick Guide 26: National money laundering and terrorist financing risk assessments
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 26: National money laundering and terrorist financing risk assessments

Ukraine Recovery Conference: Anti-corruption as a critical condition for sustainable recovery
Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Ukraine

Ukraine Recovery Conference: Anti-corruption as a critical condition for sustainable recovery

Policy Brief 10: Using anti-money laundering frameworks to fight illegal wildlife trade in Uganda
Anti-Money Laundering, Asset Recovery and Enforcement, Green Corruption

Policy Brief 10: Using anti-money laundering frameworks to fight illegal wildlife trade in Uganda

Perda sem condenação na recuperação de ativos: Recomendações da Conferência de Lisboa – 5, 6 e 7 de Julho 2022
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Perda sem condenação na recuperação de ativos: Recomendações da Conferência de Lisboa – 5, 6 e 7 de Julho 2022

Non-conviction based forfeiture as a tool for asset recovery: Recommendations of the Lisbon Conference, 5 –7 July 2022
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Non-conviction based forfeiture as a tool for asset recovery: Recommendations of the Lisbon Conference, 5 –7 July 2022

Quick Guide 27: Court monitoring
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

Quick Guide 27: Court monitoring

La capacidad de Chile para recuperar activos ilícitos: Un diagnóstico conforme a los 9 principios de la recuperación de activos
Asset Recovery and Enforcement

La capacidad de Chile para recuperar activos ilícitos: Un diagnóstico conforme a los 9 principios de la recuperación de activos

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